Category: Marine Surveyor

Coal Spontaneous Combustion

How Coal Self-Ignites?

The coal’s temperature begins to climb above ambient. At about 150-300 degrees F, it begins to give off minute, but measurable, quantities of gas–aerosols, hydrogen, and CO (2)–precursors of combustion. As the temperature increases further–at about 600-700 degrees F–relatively, large, visible particulates are emitted. Soon, as the heating rate increases in intensity to about 750-800 degrees F, incipient combustion, and ultimately self-ignition and flame, will occur.

The risk from fire exists anywhere significant amounts of coal are in use or storage. Coal is a combustible material, making it susceptible to a variety of ignition scenarios. Preventing spontaneous combustion coal fires involves attention to many different factors. Among the most critical are the type, age, and composition of coal, how it is stored, and how it is used. Given the right kind of coal, oxygen, and a certain temperature and moisture content, coal will burn by itself.

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International Institute of Marine Surveying

marine cargo ship surveyorsAs marine surveyor, you might need organisation to develop your knowledge and experience. Today I will post you one of them called International Institute of Marine Surveying (IIMS). This is an independent, non-political organisation promoting the professionalism, recognition and training of marine surveyors worldwide. The IIMS is held marine surveying training, short courses and distance learning. Right now, the representative office was spread at several countries. Here a brief description about IIMS.

The IIMS is a membership organisation and since 2004 has increased its membership worldwide to cover 98 countries.  It is the largest organisation of its kind in the world, and seeks to represent its industry to government and non governmental organisations such as the International Marine Organisation (IMO), Coastguards, insurance companies and ship owners.
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Cargo: Definition and Terminology

seven surveyor

Air draught – means the vertical distance from the surface of the water to the highest point of the ship’s mast or aerial.

Bale space capacity – is that cubic capacity of a cargo space when the breadth is measured from the inside of the cargo battens (spar ceiling) and the measured depth is from the wood tank top ceiling to the underside of the deck beams. The length is measured from the inside of the fore and aft bulkhead stiffeners.

Broken stowage – is defined as that space between packages which remains unfilled. The percentage that has to be allowed varies with the type of cargo and with the shape of the ship’s hold. It is greatest when large cases are stowed in an end hold or at the turn of a bilge.

Cargo information – means appropriate information relevant to the cargo and its stowage and securing which should specify, in particular, the precautions necessary for the safe carriage of that cargo by sea.

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Draft Survey: The Accuracy and Factors Effecting

Sometimes the accuracy of Draft Survey is a big question, especially when the cargo loaded or discharged from the vessel shown extremely different weight with the references Weight Scale or Counter Weight. Unfortunately, the parties concerns would be doubt on to the weight resulted by Draft Survey, as they have been relying upon the mentioned scales for many years.

Draftmark

Draught Survey UN ECE: Code of Uniform Standards and Procedures

UN ECE was published the Factors Affecting Draft Survey as follows :

1- Incorrect hydrostatic information or draft marks: Investigations carried out in specially performed draft surveys have indicated that there can be significant errors in the determination of displacement due to typographical errors or arithmetical errors in the ship’s hydrostatic tables. This could be improved if the tables furnished to the surveyor bore an approval stamp by the flag government or the classification society. A number of years careless re-painting of draftmarks, especially if they have not been permanently marked on the hull, can cause erroneous readings. If there is any doubt, the draft marks should be re-sited at the next dry-docking.

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